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Diodorus of Tarsus
Diodore of Tarsus (Greek Διόδωρος; died c. 390) was a Christian bishop, a monastic reformer, and a theologian.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Catholic Encyclopedia )〕 A strong supporter of the orthodoxy of Nicaea, Diodore played a pivotal role in the Council of Constantinople and opposed the anti-Christian policies of Julian the Apostate. Diodore founded one of the most influential centers of Christian thought in the early church, and many of his students became notable theologians in their own right.
==Early life==
Diodore was born into a noble family in the area of Antioch. He received a classic philosophical education at the school of Athens, and very quickly after his education entered into the monastic life.〔Julian, ''Letters'', 55.〕 During this period, Diodore's work focused on philosophical treatises and opposing Emperor Julian's attempts to restore paganism in the empire. When an Arian named Leontius was made bishop of Antioch, Diodore and his friend Flavian (who later was himself appointed as bishop of Antioch) organized those who followed the Nicene orthodoxy outside the walls of the city for worship. Those services are seen as the beginning of antiphonal singing in the church, a practice that became widespread among Christians.〔Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, "Flavian I of Antioch". Available (online ), retrieved November 28, 2007.〕
During his time at the monastery in Antioch, Diodore came under the tutelage of Meletius, a theologian opposed to the Arian tendencies of the era and a strong support of the Nicene factions of the church. In 360, the church in Antioch split into factions, having two Nicene and two Arian bishops. Meletius was one of the Nicene bishops of Antioch in 360, and it was he that ordained Diodore as a priest. Diodore, in turn, was a strong supporter not only of the Nicene cause but of Meletius.
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